PMID 12549657Īnosmia, Ataxia, Blepharospasm, Bulbar and Pseudobulbar palsy, Central Pontine Myelinosis, Cerebellar Disease, Chorea, Cranial nerve lesions, Dementia, Dystonia, Exophthalmos, Eye trauma, Facial twitches, Fixed dilated pupil, Horner syndrome, Loss of vision, Meningism, Movement disorders, Optic disc abnormality, Parkinsonism, Peripheral neuropathy, Radiculopathy, Red eye, Retinal Haemorrhage, Seizures, Sudden severe headache, Tremor, Tunnel visionīronchial breath sounds, Bronchiectasis, High airway pressures, Massive haemoptysis, Sore throat, Tracheal displacementĪtrial Fibrillation, Bradycardia, Cardiac Failure, Chest Pain, Murmurs, Post-resuscitation syndrome, Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA), Pulsus Paradoxus, Shock, Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), Tachycardia, VT and VF, SVC ObstructionĪbdominal distension, Abdominal mass, Abdominal pain, Asterixis, Dysphagia, Hepatomegaly, Hepatosplenomegaly, Large bowel obstruction, Liver palpation abnormalities, Lower GI haemorrhage, Malabsorption, Medical causes of abdominal pain, Rectal mass, Small bowel obstruction, Upper GI Haemorrhage Massive and disproportionate elevation of blood urea nitrogen in acute azotemia. Feinfeld DA, Bargouthi H, Niaz Q, Carvounis CP.BUN/Cr ratio as an index of gastrointestinal bleeding mass in children. Urashima M, Toyoda S, Nakano T, Matsuda S, Kobayashi N, Kitajima H, Tokushige A, Horita H, Akatsuka J, Maekawa K.ED predictors of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding in patients without hematemesis. Witting MD, Magder L, Heins AE, Mattu A, Granja CA, Baumgarten M.Plasma creatinine and urea: creatinine ratio in patients with raised plasma urea. INCREASED UREA:CREATININE RATIO – (Drivers Can use GPS)ĭECREASED UREA:CREATININE RATIO (I am a SIMPLE SR) become like creatinine -> ratio gets closer to 1).>100:1 – pre-renal cause (urea absorption increased compared to creatinine).40-100:1 – normal or post renal cause of AKI.Urea:Creatinine Ratio (in the setting of renal failure / elevated creatinine) Cr : Urea ratio with SI Units of µmol/L: mmol/L (providing Urea is >10mmol/L).Urea : Cr ratio ith SI Units of mmol/L: µmol/L (providing Urea is >10mmol/L).BUN : Cr ratio with US units of mg/dL : mg/dL.Therefore two ratio’s exist to compare serum Urea and Creatinine levels Similarly Creatinine (Cr) is expressed as mg/dL in the US and µmol/L elsewhere.Elsewhere Urea (U) is expressed as mmol/L.In the US the urea is expressed as BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) in mg/dL.The relationship of urea and creatine is dependent on serum laboratory units used to determine the cause of acute kidney injury. can be used as an indicator of the likely cause of renal failure.urea reabsorbed by tubules via regulation.urea and creatinine both freely filtered at the glomerulus.
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